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Perioperative Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to a myriad of chronic diseases with physically serious and economically draining consequences. There has been a substantial increase in its prevalence over the last two decades and up to one-quarter of the elective surgical patients have been found to be at high risk for OSA. These patients are at an increased risk for perioperative adverse events such as cardiac and pulmonary complications as well as postoperative delirium. This review addresses the screening methods such as the STOP-Bang questionnaire for the undiagnosed and the preoperative management of the known and at-risk patients. Recommendations for the evaluation of the systemic complications and its management are included. Recent suggestions for the intraoperative management and risk mitigation methods are reviewed, such as the role of regional anesthesia and non-opioid analgesics. Special focuses on postoperative issues such as pain control, oxygenation, positioning, and patient disposition are also included.

Keywords
 Perioperative Obstructive sleep apnea Sleep disordered breathing Anesthesia Surgery

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Management of difficult airway patients and the use of a difficult airway registry at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Sheeran PW ,  Walsh BK ,  Finley AM ,  Martin AK ,  Brenski AC . Author information Abstract BACKGROUND: Appropriate recognition and management of the pediatric difficult airway is essential. Two patient deaths in a 2-year period involving children with a known difficult airway led to the formation of the institution's multidisciplinary Difficult Airway Committee. METHODS: Patients with a suspected difficult airway or a known difficult airway are entered into a registry of difficult airway patients. A note describing the airway and any experiences at airway manipulation is entered as part of a difficult airway note in the patient's electronic medical record as soon as the patient is recognized as having a difficult airway. A call system has been developed to mobilize expert emergency airway assistance for these patients. Multi...